Dotcom World-9: Apple releases a new version of iTunes

Apple has released its latest version of iTunes, namely iTunes 7.7.1. It can be downloaded from Apple’s ‘Download iTunes’.

http://www.apple.com/itunes/download/

All about iTunes from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ITunes

Grateful thanks to Apple and Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

IT News-2: Software and Services Export from India

Business Standard reports that by 2015, the software and services export could touch $335 billion if it grows at 24% CAGR(Compound Annual Growth Rate), $276 billion if it grows at 21% CAGR and $226 billion if it grows at 18% CAGR.

So those of you in IT and those who are studying with a plan to enter IT, be cheerful.

Grateful thanks to Business Standard for the optimistic and encouraging report.

IT News-1: Major Exporters of IT Services from India

Currently, TCS, Infosys and Wipro contribute more than 46% of total IT services export from India.

Courtesy: Business Standard

Dotcom World-8: "Damages for Facebook Victim"

A British businessman has won ₤22,000 as damages against an old friend who put libellous and unauthorised information about him on Facebook.

Courtesy: The Hindu, Madurai, July 26, 2008 ("Newscape")

Grateful thanks to The Hindu.

Happy Birthday to Wikipedia!

While surfing vnunet.com, an information-packed website, I came across many interesting news. One is that Wikipedia has completed 7-years of existence on January 16, 2008. I have been regularly using it, almost daily, yet I did not know this. I could have said Happy Birthday on January 16, 2008. Sorry I missed it.

As you all may probably be aware, it is the world’s first open source, free encyclopedia, and one of the top 10 most-visited sites in the Net. It has currently over nine million pages of information written in over 250 languages, covering almost the whole gamut of human knowledge. As of this minute, it has 2,471,741 articles in English alone.

Wikipedia has provoked Google, another favourite of mine, to come up with something to rival it today, namely, KNOL. <http://knol.google.com/k/knol#>. This type of competition is really healthy and we the users benefit by it the most.

As a lover and frequent user of Wikipedia, I am very glad to say Happy Birthday to Wikipedia! Better late than never, what you say!

Many thanks to vnunet for the information.

http://www.vnunet.com/vnunet/news/2207293/wikipedia-seven-today

Google launches KNOL!

Knol is Google's answer to Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. But there are differences. Each article in Knol is a Treasury of authoritative articles on specific articles by experts, whose is furnished.

Just to satisfy by curiosity, I clicked 'Low Back Pain' and found a useful and authoritative article by Dr.Roger Chou, M.D.,with sub-topics as below:

Introduction
What causes low back pain?
What are risk factors for low back pain?
What is the prognosis of low back pain?
How should low back pain be evaluated?
How should low back pain be treated?
Where to get more information
References

So I feel very happy to welcome Knol. Now we have one more free encyclopedia on the Net besides Wikipedia. Congratulations Google for your user-friendly, endless innovative products!

If you want to access Knol, just click:

http://knol.google.com/k#

Digital World-2: "Eye Movement Controls Digital Music Player"

A researcher for Japanese mobile communication giant NTT docomo, wearing electro-oculogram (EOG) sensors, showed by moving his eyes he could control a digital music player.

Source: The Hindu, Madurai, July 24, 2008 ("Snapshots").

Grateful thanks to The Hindu.

PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor)

Dear friends,

You can download full PHP - Complete Reference.doc from:

PHP Tutorial from w3schools

Article on PHP from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PHP

Grateful thanks to Box.net and Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

- Sivaraman

How to Exchange Links

from wikiHow - The How to Manual That You Can Edit

Link exchange is the process of exchanging links with other related websites with the objective of getting related traffic and pagerank.

Steps

1. Do a search in Google and try to locate as many related sites as possible.
   
2. Send emails to the site owners/webmasters requesting them for a link exchange deal.
   
3. Create a link resource page and on that page add the website links of webmasters who have agreed to add your links on their websites.
   
4. Keep checking your link presence on the reciprocal link partner's site to ensure that your link is not removed.
   

Tips

• Go for sites that are horizontally and vertically related to your site.
  
• Exchange links with pages that have a page rank similar to yours.
  
• Make sure that your links are among the first fifty links present on a link page.
  
• Make sure that the page on which your link is placed is linked from the homepage and has been indexed.
  

Warnings

• Do not exchange links with link frames or websites specifically developed to aid the process of link exchange.
  

Related wikiHows

• How to Create One Way Backlinks to Your Website
  
• How to Increase Website Traffic
  
• How to Communicate Effectively
  
• How to Join a Yahoo! Group
  

Article provided by wikiHow, a collaborative writing project to build the world's largest, highest quality how-to manual. Please edit this article and find author credits at the original wikiHow article on How to Exchange Links. All content on wikiHow can be shared under a Creative Commons license.

Computer World-6:" Intel Celebrates 40 Years of Innovation"

Bangalore: As part of its 40th anniversary celebrations, Intel Corporation on Friday (July 18, 2008) unveiled a ‘World Mural Project’, a digital artwork that “captures the vision of young people on how computers will transform the globe over the next 40 years.”

Courtesy: The Hindu, Madurai, July 19, 2008
Article on “Intel Corporation” from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel
Grateful thanks to The Hindu and Wikipedia.

How to Scan a Book With a Digital Camera.

from wikiHow - The How to Manual That You Can Edit

This tutorial shows you how to digitally reproduce a book with a digital camera and a computer.

Steps

1. Preparation: Put the book on a white surface - like a piece of art paper - with lots of overhead lighting. Make sure you don't cast a shadow on the book. Wear nylon gloves that blend in with the background. Make sure your work surface is low enough so that you can photograph directly over the book. Use a relatively high resolution on your camera, but make sure you set it to take jpeg, not RAW, images, to conserve file size.
   
2. Shooting: Start from the first page, take a photo, turn the page, repeat. Make sure every page is correctly focused, correctly exposed and includes all the text on the page. You may press down on the pages with to keep them properly aligned. Don't worry about your fingers being in the shot, as they will blend in to the background.
   
3. Downloading: Download the images from your camera, review them to make sure you didn't mess up anywhere.
   
4. Create a processing action: I recommend using photoshop CS2 for processing, but other software may work just as well. To save file size and increase readability, you want to strip out as much extra color information as possible. You can automate this process: Start recording a new action. Then select Image>adjustments>threshold to convert to black and white - drag the cutoff slider to where it looks most readable. Then save the images using File > Save for web and devices. Save using gif. You only need two colors, and you may safely crank up the lossy compression. Using this method you can compress six megapixel images down to under 200 kb, down from the roughly 2 mb original files.
   
5. Once you have put together your action, open photoshop and select file > automate > batch. Select the action you just made, as well as the original images you want to work on. Then select a destination and numbering scheme. Run the process and you should end up with a number of compressed GIFs. Review your images again. If any of your images were underexposed or out of focus, they will be illegible.
   
6. Convert to multipage pdf. There are a number of ways to do this, but the easiest is to use Mac os X's automator. Simply drag your image set into the automator window, add a "New PDF from images" action, select a destination, and run the process. There you have it, a small, quick, and accurate digital reproduction of a book.
   

Tips

• Try this using your camera's tethered mode. I chose not to (with a Canon Digital Rebel) because the file transfer rate was too slow.
  
• Try this with a tripod. I found it easier to shoot handheld, but make sure you have enough light if you do this!
  
• Use the smallest aperture permitted by your lighting to maximize depth of field.
  
• Alternatively, try uploading the photos to [www.scanr.com], which will create a PDF file and embed the text in it.
  

Warnings

• Be sure to get your camera settings right before photographing several hundred pages. Open your test images on the screen to make sure they're good enough. Try running the threshhold adjustment on your test images.
  
• Make sure you shoot all of the pages with the same camera and lighting settings.
  
• Keep backups of every step in the process in case something goes wrong
  

Things You'll Need

• Book
  
• Camera
  
• White workspace
  
• Rubber glove
  
• Digital Imaging Software: Photoshop recommended
  
• PDF creation software: Mac os X's preview and automator recommended
  

Related wikiHows

• How to Use an HDV (High Definition Video) Camera
  
• How to Choose a Digital Video Camera
  
• How to Select the Right Digital Camera
  
• How to Transfer Your Movies from Your Camera to the Computer
  

Article provided by wikiHow, a collaborative writing project to build the world's largest, highest quality how-to manual. Please edit this article and find author credits at the original wikiHow article on How to Scan a Book With a Digital Camera.. All content on wikiHow can be shared under a Creative Commons license.

How to Create a Digital Scrapbook

from wikiHow - The How to Manual That You Can Edit


This article needs to be converted to wikiHow format as specified by the Writer's Guide. You can help by editing it now and then removing this notice. Notice added on 2008-03-10.
Do you want to make a scrapbook on the computer? Well, digital scrapbooks are really cool! You can add music, animations, and sounds! Read on to find out how to make your own digital scrapbook!

Steps

1. Go to your "My Pictures" folder on your computer. Go through your pictures. Pick out which ones you want to put into your scrapbook.
   
2. If you want, download more pictures to the My Pictures folder.
   
3. Once you have all the photos you want, go to Microsoft PowerPoint.
   
4. From the My Pictures folder, copy and paste the pictures you want into your scrapbook. You can click and drag the photo's edges to make the pictures bigger, smaller, wider, and narrower.
   
5. Add Clip Art and decorations.
   
6. Add music and sounds.
   
7. If you want, you can add videoclips.
   
8. Be sure to conclude your digital scrapbook with an ending like,
   
9. "I hope you enjoyed my digital scrapbook!"
   
10. Add animation schemes. You can make each slide appear and dissappear in cool ways.
    
11. Watch the slideshow you have made with Microsoft PowerPoint. You have created an awesome digital scrapbook!
    

Tips

• If you want captions under the photos, make textboxes.
  
• To add borders, go to Clip Art and Search for borders.
  
• You can seperate different groups of photos into themes. For example, you can paste photos of your first birthday party for the first four or five slides, and then you can paste photos of your pets for the next few slides.
  
• Be creative! Add anything that matches the theme.
  
• For the first slide you can make a scrapbook cover. You can write a title like: "My Exciting Life!" If you want, you can put lots of decorations on the front to show the real you. For example, if you like dogs, put pictures of dogs on the front cover.
  
• You can even use a special website called www.flip.com[1] to make your scrapbook. All you need to do is upload your photos, and it will show you the rest!
  

Things You'll Need

• A My Pictures folder on your desktop, or a folder of pictures that you have on your computer
  
• Microsoft PowerPoint
  
• Creativity
  

Sources and Citations

• http://www.smilebox.com/
  
• http://www.microsoft.com/
  

Article provided by wikiHow, a collaborative writing project to build the world's largest, highest quality how-to manual. Please edit this article and find author credits at the original wikiHow article on How to Create a Digital Scrapbook. All content on wikiHow can be shared under a Creative Commons license.

How to Quickly Improve Your Digital Images Using Photoshop LE

from wikiHow - The How to Manual That You Can Edit

Here's how to dramatically improve your digital images using only four quick and simple Photoshop LE functions: CROP, CURVES, COLOR BALANCE, and SATURATION.

Steps

1. Open your image and select the CROP tool from the top left corner of the Tools bar. Drag the cursor across the image to outline the area you want to keep. Select Image-->Crop. If you goof, type Ctrl Z and redo.
   
2. Type Ctrl M to bring up the CURVES box. It's a graph with a diagonal line through it. Pull the line from side to side with the cursor to lighten or darken the image. Click OK.
   
3. Type Ctrl B to access the COLOR BALANCE control. Slide the bars around until the colors look right. Click OK.
   
4. Type Ctrl U for the SATURATION controls. Use the sliders to adjust the intensity of the colors. Click OK and save your work.
   

Tips

• The pros save each correction they make on a separate layer. This allows them to play around with corrections individually, without disturbing others.
  
• If you save your work as a Photoshop file (.psd), all the individual layers are saved too.
  
• The above steps are "quick fix" actions. Photoshop LE can do much more -- consult the Help files!
  

Warnings

• The above may be addictive.
  

Related wikiHows

• How to Learn Photoshop
  
• How to Use the Cloning Tool for Photoshopping
  
• How to Remove a Tattoo from a Photo Using Photoshop
  
• How to Quickly Fix a Picture's Color and Brightness in Adobe Photoshop Cs2
  
• How to Replace Text in Adobe Photoshop
  
• How to Adobe Photoshop Tutorial
  
• How to Add Color to a Scanned Picture Using Photoshop
  

Article provided by wikiHow, a collaborative writing project to build the world's largest, highest quality how-to manual. Please edit this article and find author credits at the original wikiHow article on How to Quickly Improve Your Digital Images Using Photoshop LE. All content on wikiHow can be shared under a Creative Commons license.

How to Send Pictures from Your Digital Camera to Your Camera Phone

from wikiHow - The How to Manual That You Can Edit


This article is a stub. You can help by expanding and clarifying it. Notice added on 2006-12-24.
Doing this depends on your Cell service provider and plan.

Steps

1. Get the picture onto a computer.
   
2. Edit the picture to whatever size your phone allows
   
3. Some providers treat your cell number as an email address for incoming message. On Verizon for instance your email address is [phone number]@vzwpix.com; like 1234567890@vzwpix.com. For Sprint try [phone number]@messaging.sprintpcs.com
   
4. Address your email to that number and send the photo to your phone.
   
5. If you have a picture messaging plan it is usually free, otherwise you'll be paying for it on a per message basis.
   
6. It also depends on you carrier...Alltel is one that it won't work
   

Tips

• Check to see what charges you will have to pay.
  
• You may need to resize the pictures to allow them to pass through to the phone.
  

Article provided by wikiHow, a collaborative writing project to build the world's largest, highest quality how-to manual. Please edit this article and find author credits at the original wikiHow article on How to Send Pictures from Your Digital Camera to Your Camera Phone. All content on wikiHow can be shared under a Creative Commons license.

How to Choose a Digital Video Camera

from wikiHow - The How to Manual That You Can Edit

We are living in a very technology driven society. Many people are now expanding from using old analog cameras to digital cameras and digital video cameras. Here are some guidelines to help you sort through your choices.

Steps

1. Determine whether you want a camera that records onto tapes or discs. - Tapes and discs are just two of the formats onto which digital video can be recorded. Others record digital video onto a hard disk drive or memory card.
   
2. Find a video camera with many pixels. - Digital pictures are made up of hundreds of thousands of tiny dots of light arranged in a grid. Each of dots is called a "picture element" or a pixel. The greater the number of pixels, the clearer your images will be, and the more realistic colors your camera will be able to capture.
   
3. Find a video camera with a large CCD chip. - Pixel information is captured on a CCD chip behind the lens, the same way film captures light for a film camera. These chips come in different sizes. Most home camcorders have chips between 1/6-inch to 1/3-inch. The larger the CCD, the more light is taken in with the image, resulting in brighter pictures with better colors.
   
4. Find a video camera that has good low light performance. - As most home camcorders are used indoors, it is important to find a camera that can perform well in low light conditions. The better models will not only have a number of automatic mode settings in their menus for dark conditions, but will also allow you to manually set features such as the iris and shutter speed to allow more light into the camera.
   
5. Find a video camera that is able to zoom well. - On a digital camera there are 2 types of zoom. Digital and optical. Optical zooms are the important ones, as they maintain picture clarity.
   
6. Find a video camera with good image stability. - Apart from lowlight, the second biggest complaint for picture quality is shaky pictures. However, the most important feature for stability is how comfortable you are with the camera. Pick it up, imagine operating it. Try it in the store, if you can. Is the weight distribution comfortable in your hand? Can you access the controls without fumbling for them?
   
7. Find a video camera with the type of interconnectivity you would like. - Each camcorder will come with a number of sockets in the back to allow you to connect the video camera to a VCR or DVD recorder to transfer images, or to a computer for editing. Most have the sockets for the old fashioned red white and yellow audio-visual leads for connection to VCR and DVD recorders, but some also have S-video ports.
   
8. Find a video camera with an LCD screen. - Most modern camcorders actually come with LCD screens to view what you're filming and to review what you've already filmed. These screens use up the battery very quickly, and can also be hard to view in strong daylight, so it may be worth checking the camera also has a traditional viewfinder.
   
9. Find a video camera with good sound quality. - Unfortunately, most built-in microphones on digital camcorders suffer from picking up handling noise from your camera. If sound is important to you, check whether you can fit an external microphone to your camera. Also look for a headphone socket to monitor what you are recording.
   
10. Research different types of video cameras. - Make sure your camera comes from a reputable source. The warranties from major department stores can save you money in the long run. Many stores are happy to give advice as they are not affiliated with any particular brand. Look around in online forums to see what other people think of the models that interest you.
    

Tips

• Another important factor is the number of chips. 3 chip cameras have a different chip for capture each primary color - red, green and blue. 3-chip cameras give you far more vivid colors.
  
• Some camcorders have an option called "gain" to help with filming in dark conditions. Using gain boosts the light levels being recorded, but be aware that the picture quality will suffer when using this function.
  
• Some models even come with a night vision function, making it possible to shoot in pitch black conditions.
  
• Some camcorders boast massive digital zooms, but all they are doing is enlarging a part of the existing picture, which means there are less pixels and the image becomes less clear.
  
• Check what connections are on your computer, VCR or DVD recorder to ensure they are compatible with the Digital Video Camera you wish to purchase.
  
• Try to balance the cost of the camera with the features you want on it. You want good specifications, of course, but until you become skilled at operating a video camera, you may not need high-end features.
  

Related wikiHows

• How to Select the Right Digital Camera
  
• How to Clean a 35mm Film Camera and Lens
  
• How to Use an HDV (High Definition Video) Camera
  
• How to Transfer Images from a Digital Camera to a Computer
  
• How to Get Perfect Exposures Using Your Camera's Spot Meter
  

Sources and Citations

• VideoJug.com Original source of this information. Shared with permission.
  

Article provided by wikiHow, a collaborative writing project to build the world's largest, highest quality how-to manual. Please edit this article and find author credits at the original wikiHow article on How to Choose a Digital Video Camera. All content on wikiHow can be shared under a Creative Commons license.

How to Make the Most of Your Digital Camera

from wikiHow - The How to Manual That You Can Edit

Digital cameras are extremely versatile. More softwares and features are being designed for them every day. Whether you have a top-of-the-range model or a low-end solution, digital cameras can do one-million-and-one things. Here are the most fun, easy, and effective things that anyone can do.

Steps

1. Shooting a video
   
2. Plug the cable into the USB port.
   
3. Open Windows Movie Maker (WMM) or another form of video software. There are many other packages such as PCCam, Quicktime, but I will demonstrate with WMM.
   
4. Select Capture from video device on the left panel and follow the on-screen instructions. Then press Start Capture and record! Of course, press Stop Capture to end your session.
   
5. To copy to DVD for playback on your television, access My Documents > My Videos and press Copy all items to CD after inserting a blank disc in the drive.
   
6. Set up a webcam.
   
7. Again, establish a connection from your digital camera to your PC.
   
8. Open up MSN 6.0+ and click Options > Webcam Settings. Adjust the brightness, contrast, etc.
   
9. Set up a conversation with one of your contacts and press the webcam icon below your display picture. This will initiate an invitation to view your webcam.
   

Tips

• Explore! There's so much out there on the Internet, you may even unlock a whole new world to your digital camera.
  
• Don't be afraid to try out new things, as long as it's approved of and you're using a quality accessory. For example, if you have a Bluetooth phone, install the hardware on your computer and access your photos on the PC!
  
• Always read the manual that is packaged with your camera. They have lots of handy tips and tricks that you never thought you could possibly do with a gadget.
  

Warnings

• Make sure with any software you use that it is safe for your PC and your camera. It is highly recommended that you virus-check everything you download or install.
  

Things You'll Need

• A digital camera
  
• Windows Movie Maker
  
• MSN Messenger 6.0 +
  
• Windows preferably
  

Related wikiHows

• How to Choose a Digital Video Camera
  
• How to Select the Right Digital Camera
  
• How to Buy a Digital Camera
  

Article provided by wikiHow, a collaborative writing project to build the world's largest, highest quality how-to manual. Please edit this article and find author credits at the original wikiHow article on How to Make the Most of Your Digital Camera. All content on wikiHow can be shared under a Creative Commons license.

How to Take Digital Pictures of Pets

from wikiHow - The How to Manual That You Can Edit

Taking digital pictures of your pets can be a challenge, but worth it in the long run. While this how-to assumes you want to take a picture of your dog or cat, most of what is described below can be applied to other types of pets as well.

Steps

1. Find a time when your pet is most relaxed. If you know your dog is hyper right after eating, then it is best not to take the picture at that time. The hardest part about taking pictures of dogs or cats is getting them to sit still long enough to take the picture.
   
2. Get down on your knees or in the prone position. A good picture of pets will be from the pet's eye level, not yours with the pet looking up at you. (This also applies to small children.)
   
3. If your camera has a "sports" mode, turn it on. This might be needed for a happy-go-lucky pet that wants to keep moving around. Setting your camera to sports mode does two things. 1. It uses a faster shutter speed to "freeze" the subject. If your pet is moving around, a slow shutter speed might leave you with a blurry picture. 2. It will use a special focusing system that constantly adjust the focus of the camera. Without this, the camera focuses once and locks that way. If your focus is locked on your pet and he/she moves, you might end up with out of focus pictures.
   
4. Once you have your digital picture, you need a print to hang up on the wall. If you have a inkjet printer, then you can easily make the prints yourself using the digital cameras software. Otherwise use an online photo service such as Mpix, shutterfly, Snapfish or oFoto to buy prints of your digital pictures. Follow the instructions on the websites for uploading and ordering prints. Online photo labs like www.mpix.comare pretty cheap, with prices starting at .29 cents for 4x6 prints. They also offer different types of paper such as matte, glossy, and metallic.
   

Tips

• Take pictures of your pet in his/her natural surroundings. If your cat spends all his/her time sitting on the couch, then that is the best place to take the photo. If your dog spends all his/her time in the yard, then that is the best place to take the photo.
  

Things You'll Need

• A digital camera. ANY camera will work. It doesn't matter if it's a cheap, $99 Barbie digital camera, or a $1500 Digital Nikon. Obviously the better the camera, the better the image.
  
• A way to make prints. This could be a inkjet printer or an online print service.
  
• A pet!
  

Related wikiHows

• How to Be Photogenic
  
• How to Photograph in Sepiatone
  
• How to Create a Web Photo Album
  
• How to Make Cat Jungle Gyms and Playgrounds
  
• How to Be a Living Statue
  

Article provided by wikiHow, a collaborative writing project to build the world's largest, highest quality how-to manual. Please edit this article and find author credits at the original wikiHow article on How to Take Digital Pictures of Pets. All content on wikiHow can be shared under a Creative Commons license.

How to Organize Your Digital Photos

from wikiHow - The How to Manual That You Can Edit

Taking photos with your digital camera is fun, easy, and addictive. Suddenly you find yourself with hundreds of photos on your hard drive, as well as printed out all over your desk, room, and walls. What should you do to organize and catalogue your photos? Here are some tips to help you clean up the clutter, and enjoy your digital memories.

Steps

1. Download a free image organizer. Fast small ones include Xnview (open source) and Irfanview (popular). Picasa from Google is an easy-to-use photo management tool.
   
2. When you transfer your photos from your camera to your computer, immediately put them into a folder on your hard drive -- not just My Pictures, but create a subfolder by date (use reverse date format e.g. 2007-06-26 which is listed better by computers ordering files by name), event name or both.
   
3. If you already have copious numbers of photos dumped into your My Pictures folder, take some time to create subfolders as described above, and sort them into the appropriate folder.
   
4. Regularly back up your photos by burning them onto a CD or DVD. Nothing is worse than having a hard drive crash and losing all of your pictures. Then, put your CD or DVD into a box, holder, or album (you can find 'photo albums' for picture CDs in photography shops) so you know where it is and have easy access.
   
5. As soon as the ink is dry, organize your photos into albums. The sooner you do this, the fewer photos you will have piling up and cluttering your space, not to mention getting damaged.
   
6. Do the above step for all of the photos you already have printed out. Use different albums to catalogue and categorize -- for example, you can keep separate albums for friends, events you attend, and 'artful' shots that you take.
   
7. Remember that if you back up your photos onto a CD, and leave them on the computer as well, you will eventually find you have multiple copies of the same photo in different folders. In Picasa2, when you back up pictures, Picasa will remember not to double up on the same CD.
   
8. My rule is to put only photos about a particular subject on each CD and label it as such, such as "grandkids" or "reunion 98" then if you want a particular subject you can find it easily because you don't have "sewing projects" on the same CD as "Reunions"
   

Tips

• Printed photos can also be stored in boxes. Some stores sell special "memory boxes" that are decorative.
  
• Back up your digital photos regularly.
  
• Don't just backup your photos, try to back them up to the newest media every other year, (i.e. 2 years ago CDs were a popular back-up media, DVDs are popular now, 2 years from now, you can bet it will be something different). The idea is to ensure that the media you save to is always compatible with "tomorrow's" standard should you need to restore your images.
  
• Download your photos off your camera as soon as possible after taking pictures. Neglecting to do so can lead to the nasty realization that your memory card is full at a bad time (like your kid's birthday party or your friend's graduation).
  
• If you use your images for a website, make sure to save the higher resolution original somewhere. This is because images saved for websites have a much lower resolution and look really terrible printed out.
  

Warnings

• Make sure the photo albums you choose are acid-free. Photos last longer in acid-free albums.
  

Related wikiHows

• How to Create a Digital Photo Collage
  
• How to Buy a Digital Camera
  
• How to Create a Pregnancy Memory Album
  
• How to Easily Shrink the Size of a Digital Photo Using IrfanView
  
• How to Transfer Images from a Digital Camera to a Computer
  
• How to FTP Picasa Photos in One Click
  
• How to Import Pictures Using Picasa 2
  
• How to "Ipodize" a Photo
  

Sources and Citations

• http://www.picasa.com
  

Article provided by wikiHow, a collaborative writing project to build the world's largest, highest quality how-to manual. Please edit this article and find author credits at the original wikiHow article on How to Organize Your Digital Photos. All content on wikiHow can be shared under a Creative Commons license.

How to Transfer Images from a Digital Camera to a Computer

from wikiHow - The How to Manual That You Can Edit

Are you having trouble transferring your pictures from your camera to your computer. It's easy! And pretty soon you'll be able to do it with your eyes closed.
Many cameras come with a lot of software. Depending on your choice, you may use it to transfer the data. However if the camera software does not run on your operating system, you are using your friends computer or you do just not want to install and learn an extra software, it is usually possible to transfer pictures using only that comes with the computer operating system.

Steps

Transfering using camera software

1. Run the software that came with your camera. Pop the CD into your computer and go through the setup steps. The only way you'll be able to transfer is if you have the software installed. If you bought the camera used or, for one reason or another, just don't seem to have the CD, you can probably find a used or maybe even a new one on eBay. You might be able to find it somewhere else as well.
   
2. Connect the camera to the computer. Let's face it, the pictures aren't going to the computer if there is no cord to connect them. Most of the time, you'll hear a sound or something will pop-up if the camera is connected properly and working.
   
3. Sync the camera to the computer and transfer the pictures. With most camera software, as soon as you connect the camera to the computer and it recognizes it, something will pop up asking if you would like to sync the pictures to the computer. After that it's pretty self-explanatory. If nothing pops up or it never was supposed to pop up in the first place, open the camera program. Most likely you'll be able to find your way from there. If not, read your camera manual. It should tell you even more than this how-to.
   
4. Another option is to buy a Memory Card Reader. They will go by the name " 6 in One, 12 in one, USB Reader Writer or Flash Memory Card Reader Writer. They allow all memory sticks and cards to be recognized by your computer. On Windows XP, you just plug it in and find it as another drive on My Computer.
   

Transfering using the operating system software

• If camera has the USB connection, just connect it to computer. If your computer has a memory card reader, it is even move convenient to put the camera card into it instead.
  
• If the manufacturer did not try to lock-in you to their software on purpose, many operating systems (Windows XP and all recent Linux distributions) will detect camera and mount for you as a memory stick.
  
• Enter the camera folder, find the image files to neded location.
  
• After you are sure the files are safe in a new place, remove them from the camera folder (use shift+del not to move into recycle bin). Some cameras allow you to transfer files but do not support writing changes to the memory card. In this case you need to clean the card using camera controls (the most of cameras have a button or a sequence of buttons to clear the card).
  

Tips

• If you have Windows XP, usually all you have to do is plug your camera in and when Windows asks you what you want to do, choose Transfer Images To Computer or Run Camera Wizard. This makes it much easier to transfer images and movies from your camera.
  
• If you use a Mac you will not need to install the camera software. Simply plug in the camera, and use iPhoto to manage your pictures if you want. The iPhoto program starts up automatically. All you have to do is push the blue button in the bottom right corner of the window.
  
• Under the recent distribution of Linux (SuSe, Fedora and so on) the best is to have USB card reader connected to the computer. The system is usually capable to detect and mount the inserted card and either show the folder icon on desktop or open the file explorer immediately. All you need is then to move the contents where you want and you can use the Windows software CD that comes with camera to decorate your lamp instead.
  

Things You'll Need

• Camera
  
• Computer
  
• Connecting cord
  
• Camera software (for the proper camera, this should be optional)
  

Related wikiHows

• How to Import Pictures Using Picasa 2
  
• How to Take a Good Picture
  
• How to Superimpose a Picture onto Another
  
• How to Brighten up Backgrounds in Flash Pictures
  
• How to Choose a Digital Video Camera
  
• How to Learn Photoshop
  
• How to Quickly Improve Your Digital Images Using Photoshop LE
  

Article provided by wikiHow, a collaborative writing project to build the world's largest, highest quality how-to manual. Please edit this article and find author credits at the original wikiHow article on How to Transfer Images from a Digital Camera to a Computer. All content on wikiHow can be shared under a Creative Commons license.

How to Buy a Digital Camera

from wikiHow - The How to Manual That You Can Edit

Are you looking for a digital camera but confused by all the features, doodads and tech talk? Here's some help in sorting out what's the best one for you.

Steps

1. Whilst brand names can help you make a decision based on reliability or quality of picture, remember that sometimes a cheap camera will satisfy your needs as well as a more expensive one.
   
2. Decide if you want to Scroll or Press. Are you comfortable with wading through menus to change basic settings? Or would you rather just press a button? Smaller cameras may be cooler, but larger cameras have buttons.
   
3. Consider how wide you want to go. Smaller cameras have narrower-angle lenses, so you won't get that whole building in without getting way back. A 28mm (film equivalent) lens will give you all the wide you'll need.
   
4. Get a grip. Even some larger cameras have uncomfortably small hand grips. The grip should just fill the inside curve of your fingers. Many small cameras have no grip at all. Will you get a major finger cramp just trying to hold on?
   
5. Don't get too hung up on the megapixels. Lens quality and camera responsiveness are far more important. 5/6 megapixels is more than enough to create good quality 4x6 prints. Within a range of plus or minus 1 or 2 megapixels, the images will be virtually indistinguishable from one another (with an 8 megapixel camera compared with a 10 megapixel camera for instance, the difference in resolution is not significant).
   
6. Consider your need for speed. Many cheap cameras have a substantial time lag between pressing the button and actually taking the picture. If you're going to take pics of your kids, this is something to think about -- they move fast! Also, consider the continuous frame rate - for action shots, a continuous frame rate of at least 5 frames per second is desirable. The camera should be capable of taking 5 frames per second, for at least four seconds before the internal memory buffer is filled. Cameras with slower continuous frame rates and/or smaller internal memory buffers will be frustrating, and make certain types of photography difficult, if not impossible.
   
7. Battery Type. Many cameras use proprietary batteries, rather than standard AA batteries. Consider that someday, the battery that comes with your camera will stop working or get lost, and you will need to obtain a replacement. Your batteries will generally die at the worst possible time, like the first day of your vacation, or at your daughter's wedding. Proprietary batteries may be difficult or impossible to replace (especially on short notice), where many types of AA batteries are available nearly anywhere, and at any time.
   
8. Weight quality vs. quantity. A DSLR (that's a digicam with interchangeable lenses) will give you better pictures and is actually easier to operate than a small camera, but it'll weigh more and cost more.
   
9. Memory card format. Compact Flash cards are the defacto standard in professional cameras, and are available in capacities up to 16GB as of late 2006. The Compact Flash card format has been in constant use since its inception in 1994, and shows no sign of obsolescence in the forseeable future. Compact Flash drives and related software drivers are compatible with nearly all operating systems. Regardless of the camera you choose, it should be capable of using Compact Flash memory cards, perhaps in addition to the card format du jour. Smart Media cards were once a popular card format for digital cameras; they are no longer manufactured, nor are they used in digital cameras. SD or Smart Digital cards are (as of late 2006) a the most popular card format in consumer cameras, but are "only" available in capacities of up to 8GB.
   
10. Figure in the accessories! Most cameras don't come with a memory card or a card reader. Add them in when you're totalling cost. And don't forget batteries --get an extra set and a charger. And a bag, and...;-) - Choose a memory card with enough capacity to hold at least 400 images at the camera's highest JPEG resolution. This is equivalent to 11 rolls of 36-exposure film, and is adequate for most people.
    
11. Make room for zoom. With zoom you can switch between close up and a faraway point. There is a very important thing to think about when buying a camera and that is the difference between optical and digital zoom. Optical zoom measures the ability of the camera's lens and other parts to capture more light, and more detail, from a particular faraway point. That means that you get better-quality pictures taken from a distance while digital zoom works by capturing only the central portion of the entire image received by the sensor. It basically means that the digital zoom is really only a cropping tool, since it cuts off the parts of the image that would be out of the field of view if a longer focal length lens had been used. As optical zoom is much better and more clear don't get fooled with advertisements of digital zooms, it's the optical zoom you should be watching.
    

Tips

• Image Stabilization: With this feature, you can zoom in on your kids on stage 10 rows back (turn off the flash)and get a nice clear picture. Cameras without it will blur when you zoom or shake the camera while pressing the shutter.
  
• When buying a camera take a good look at memory card prices. Computer shops and office supply shops tend to be a lot cheaper than camera shops
  
• On cameras with a substantial internal buffer (most medium or high-end models) you won't notice much improvement in speed between normal and high speed cards unless you do action photography.
  
• Look at the lens on the front of the camera - generally a bigger the piece of glass in front will translate to more light gathering capability, which in turn means better performance in low light situations. This is not a hard and fast rule, more like a rule of thumb.
  

Warnings

• Trust websites which impartially test the model you're looking at. There are a lot of self-styled experts who are cheerleaders for one brand or another. Look for evidence, not opinion.
  

Related wikiHows

• How to Copy a Whiteboard With Your Digital Camera or Camera Phone Using ScanR
  
• How to Make a Webcam Into an Infrared Camera
  
• How to Get Perfect Exposures Using Your Camera's Spot Meter
  
• How to Organize Your Digital Photos
  
• How to Appreciate the Art of Film
  
• How to "Ipodize" a Photo
  
• How to Choose a Digital Video Camera
  

Sources and Citations

• http://dphoto.us - reviews, news and discussion forums
  
• http://www.dpreview.com -- incredibly detailed tests of almost every model
  
• http://www.steves-digicams.com -- news and reviews, with recommendations
  
• http://www.imaging-resource.com -- news and reviews, with recommendations
  
• http://www.kenrockwell.com -- camera reviews
  
• http://www.digitalcamerapoint.com -- Digital Camera Reviews
  
• http://www.digitalcamerainfo.com -- Reviews & ratings
  
• http://www.digitalcamerainfo.com -- Reviews & ratings
  
• http://www.vsxl.com -- camera comparisons
  
• Digital Camera Buying Guides - with information and advice
  
• Canon SX100 - read how to select the best camera
  

Article provided by wikiHow, a collaborative writing project to build the world's largest, highest quality how-to manual. Please edit this article and find author credits at the original wikiHow article on How to Buy a Digital Camera. All content on wikiHow can be shared under a Creative Commons license.

How to Make a Network Cable

from wikiHow - The How to Manual That You Can Edit

The steps below are general Ethernet Category 5 (commonly known as Cat 5) cable construction guidelines. For our example, we will be making a Category 5e patch cable, but the same general method will work for making any category of network cables.

Steps

1. Unroll the required length of network cable and add a little extra, just in case. If a boot is to be fitted, do so before stripping away the sleeve and ensure the boot faces the correct way.
   
2. Carefully remove the outer jacket of the cable, exposing about 1 1/4" (30 mm) of the twisted pairs. Be careful when stripping the jacket as to not nick or cut the internal wiring. After removing the outer case, you will notice 8 wires twisted in 4 pairs. Each pair will have one wire of a certain color and another wire that is white with a colored stripe matching its partner (this wire is called a tracer). Sometimes a rip cord (white thread) is also present.
   
3. Inspect the newly revealed wires for any cuts or scrapes that expose the copper wire inside. If you have breached the protective sheath of any wire, you will need to cut the entire segment of wires off and start over at step one. Exposed copper wire will lead to cross-talk, poor performance or no connectivity at all. It is important that the jacket for all network cables remains intact.
   
4. Untwist the pairs so they will lay flat between your fingers. The white piece of thread can be cut off even with the jacket and disposed (see Warnings). For easier handling, cut the wires so that they are 3/4" (19 mm) long from the base of the jacket.
   
5. Arrange the wires based on the wiring specifications you are following. There are two methods set by the TIA, 568A and 568B. Which one you use will depend on what is being connected. A straight-through cable is used to connect two different-layer devices (e.g. a hub and a PC). Two like devices normally require a cross-over cable. The difference between the two is that a straight-through cable has both ends wired identically, while a cross-over cable has one end wired 568A and the other end wired 568B.[1] For our demonstration in the following steps, we will use 568B, but the instructions can easily be adapted to 568A.
   
   • 568B - Put the wires in the following order, from left to right:
     
     • white orange
       
     • orange
       
     • white green
       
     • blue
       
     • white blue
       
     • green
       
     • white brown
       
     • brown
       
     
     
   • 568A - from left to right: white/green, green, white/orange, blue, white/blue, orange, white/brown, brown. You can also use the mnemonic 1-2-3-6/3-6-1-2 to remember which wires are switched.
     
   
   
6. Press all the wires flat and parallel between your thumb and forefinger. Verify the colors have remained in the correct order. Cut the top of the wires even with one another so that they are 1/2" (12.5 mm) long from the base of the jacket, as the jacket needs to go into the 8P8C connector by about 1/8", meaning that you only have a 1/2" of room for the individual cables. Leaving more than 1/2" untwisted can jeopardize connectivity and quality. Ensure that the cut leaves the wires even and clean; failure to do so may cause the wire not to make contact inside the jack and could lead to wrongly guided cores inside the plug.
   
7. Keep the wires flat and in order as you push them into the RJ-45 plug with the flat surface of the plug on top. The white/orange wire should be on the left if you're looking down at the jack. You can tell if all the wires made it into the jack and maintain their positions by looking head-on at the plug. You should be able to see a wire located in each hole, as seen at the bottom right. You may have to use a little effort to push the pairs firmly into the plug. The cabling jacket should also enter the rear of the jack about 1/4" (6 mm) to help secure the cable once the plug is crimped. You may need to stretch the sleeve to the proper length. Verify that the sequence is still correct before crimping.
   
8. Place the wired plug into the crimping tool. Give the handle a firm squeeze. You should hear a ratcheting noise as you continue. Once you have completed the crimp, the handle will reset to the open position. To ensure all pins are set, some prefer to double-crimp by repeating this step.
   
9. Repeat all of the above steps with the other end of the cable. The way you wire the other end (568A or 568B) will depend on whether you're making a straight-through, rollover, or cross-over cable (see Tips).
   
10. Test the cable to ensure that it will function in the field. Mis-wired and incomplete network cables could lead to headaches down the road. In addition, with power-over-Ethernet (PoE) making its way into the market place, crossed wire pairs could lead to physical damage of computers or phone system equipment, making it even more crucial that the pairs are in the correct order. A simple cable tester can quickly verify that information for you. Should you not have a network cable tester on hand, simply test connectivity pin to pin.
    

Tips

• A key point to remember in making Ethernet patch cords is that the "twists" in the individual pairs should remain entwined as long as possible until they reach the RJ-45 plug termination. The twisting of the pairs in the network cable is what helps to ensure good connectivity and keeps cross-talk interference to a minimum. Do not untwist the wires any more than you need to.
  
• CAT5 and CAT5e are very similar cables, however CAT5e offers better quality especially on longer runs. If making a longer run, CAT5e is recommended, however CAT5 is still an option for small patch cables.
  
• A good idea on long runs, especially those that you need to hang or snake around, is to crimp and test the cable before you run the cable. This is recommended especially to anyone who is first starting out crimping their own cables, as it ensures you are crimping the correct pin order now, rather than trying to trouble shoot later.
  

Warnings

• The ripcords, if present, are usually quite strong, so do not attempt to break them. Cut them.
  
• Unless you need to do a large amount of cabling work, it may be less frustrating and, due to the cost of tools, less expensive to purchase ready-made cables.
  
• Fire Codes require a special type of cover over the wires if the cabling is to be installed in ceilings or other areas that are exposed to the building ventilation system. This is usually referred to as plenum-grade cable or simply "plenum cable", and does not release toxic fumes when burned. Plenum cabling is more costly, perhaps double that of ordinary cable, so only use where necessary. Riser cable is similar to plenum, but is for use in walls or wiring closets to connect floors. Riser may not replace plenum cable so be aware of what area you are laying your cable. If in doubt, use plenum as it has the strictest and safest ratings.
  
• A cat5 cable can not exceed 100 meters, or 328 feet. It probably shouldn't go beyond 300 feet.
  
• RJ-45 is the common term most individuals use for the connectors present in CAT5 cabling. The correct name of the connector is simply 8P8C, where as RJ-45 is the name of a very similar looking defunct connector used in telecommunication. Most people will understand RJ-45 as 8P8C, but be careful when purchasing out of a catalog or online where you can't visibly determine which you are purchasing.
  
• Be aware of any shielding your cable may have. The most common type of cable is UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair), but a number of shielding/foiling options exist for added protection against EMI. Be aware of what you are purchasing and what you need. In most environments, UTP will be fine.
  

Things You'll Need

• Crimper - This is the most essential tool and critical to the cable making process. If you don't have a quality crimper, then your cable connections will be bad. Inferior crimpers will make it difficult and/or nearly impossible to achieve a tight connection between the wires. Many better quality crimpers also have a ratcheting controlled closure for precise crimping. Crimpers with a plastic body will be more likely to develop a sloppy hip joint and give consistently poor cramps; a metal crimper is much preferred, and very common.
  
• Tester (Optional) - Although not necessary for making cables, having a good cable tester can prevent and solve cable wiring configuration and installation problems. Most testers consist of two boxes (transmitter and receiver) you plug your patch cable into. The transmitter box tests the cable by sending test pulses down each individual wire, lighting up LED lights on the receiver box. Most testers will show you a result of the pass. Why do you want to test cables? Even if they are slightly damaged, network cables will work, but cause packet loss and data corruption to your hardware.
  
• RJ45 Connectors - Ensure your RJ45 connectors are designed for the type of cable you are using (solid/stranded), as they have different types of teeth for piercing between multiple strands or around a solid single strand. Note: if you ask in an electrical trades store for RJ45 connectors, you may be asked whether you want "solid", "stranded" or "flat". The "flat" choice relates to the old flat "silver satin" cables used in 10Base-T, and should not be used in new Ethernet deployments.
  
• Bulk Cable - Bulk cable can be found at computer stores, electrical stores, and home centers. You can obtain Category 5, Category 5e, and Category 6 cable, depending on your needs. For lengths shorter than 50' use a stranded/braided cable. For lengths greater than 50' use a solid cable.
  
  • There are two types of wire (solid or stranded) and which one you choose should be based on where and how the patch cable is to be used. See warning above about PLENUM cable. Stranded wire is best for a workstation patch as it can tolerate flexing without cracking the conductors; however, the trade off is that they're more susceptible to moisture penetration.[2] Solid is best used in a wire closet or for a patch that will be moved very infrequently, as the conductor tends to crack if bent and/or flexed. Cracked conductor leads to "reflections" which make for chatter on the LAN connection, hampering speed and reliability.
    
  
  
• Boots (optional but preferred). It saves the cable in the long run and improves the looks. A boot is a molded piece of plastic that protects the connector from snagging, if it is pulled through the wall or conduit. It also provides strain relief on the cable, making it harder for the connector to be pulled off.
  
• Straight edge wire cutter. You may find serrated snips work very nicely. Use something that gives an easy square cut; avoid diagonal pliers for this reason. You will find that many quality crimpers have a straight edge cutter built in.
  
• Fish Tape - Fish tape is either a metal or plastic spool of guide wire. Strong enough not to buckle and bend while being pushed around, but flexible enough to be pushed past corners and bends, fish tape is a vital tool for some cable runs. Recommended conditions include: conduit, within walls, along structural beams and girders, in ducting, plenums, and dropped ceilings, or any situation where it's not physically possible to drag the cable along with you.
  

Related wikiHows

• How to Sleeve Computer Cables
  
• How to Strip Coax Cable
  
• How to Set up a Private Network
  
• How to Fix Common Computer Network Issues
  

Sources and Citations

• Guide to Making Cat 5 Cable - Written by Joe Hamilton of Comtrad Cable and shared with permission.
  

1. ↑ http://www.lanshack.com/make-cat5E.aspx


2. ↑ http://www.bluemax.com/techtips/networking/Wiring_Tips/Wiring100TX/networkcableand_connectors.htm

Article provided by wikiHow, a collaborative writing project to build the world's largest, highest quality how-to manual. Please edit this article and find author credits at the original wikiHow article on How to Make a Network Cable. All content on wikiHow can be shared under a Creative Commons license.

Mobile World-7: "Mobile Phone with 3D Animation"

Japanese electronics giant Hitachi has unveiled a prototype model of a mobile phone which displays the 3D animation for sign language, at the company’s advanced technology fair in Tokyo. The users can change viewing angles and enlarge animated images with the prototype.

Courtesy: The Hindu, Madurai, July 18, 2008
Article on “Computer Animation” from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3D_animation
Grateful thanks to The Hindu and Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Digital World-1: "Samsung Launches Digital Projectors"

New Delhi: Samsung on Wednesday (July 16, 2008) launched digital projectors and photo frames. While the Samsung digital photo frame is priced at Rs.9,900, the digital projector, in the professional segment, is priced between Rs.2.50 lakh and Rs.5 lakh.

Courtesy: The Hindu, Madurai, July 17, 2008 (“Snapshots”)
Article on “Video Projectors” from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_projectors
Grateful thanks to The Hindu and Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Sivaraman's Column-6: "Google Reader"

Hi, Today I am taking up another Google product, "Google Reader". These Google guys are simply great. All the time they are coming up with new ideas, excellent ones at that.

Google Reader is another favourite of mine. Some of the salient features of it:

• Using Google Reader you can simply subscribe to your favourite websites and blogs and read all your news and blogs in one place.
• Google Reader constantly checks your favourite news sites and blogs for new contents. Whenever a website or blog is updated google reader brings the news to you. So you won’t miss any thing.
• Keeping up with your favorite websites is as easy as checking your email.
• Google Reader shows you all of your favourite sites in one convenient place. It’s like a personalized inbox for the entire web.
• It saves your time and you read all news and blogs in one place.
• Another important feature is you can share the interesting items very easily.
• Google Reader is totally free and you can use it with any browser. You don’t need any additional software.

To use Google Reader

• Visit http://www.google.com/reader

Sign in with your gmail account.

• You will be taken to the home page of Google Reader.
• Click the Add subscription button or press ‘A’ key in the keyboard.
• A search box will be displayed. Type a word to find its feeds or type a URL.
• Press Enter key or Add button.
• It will show the relevant information feeds and no of subscribers subscribed to it.
• You can subscribe to any feed by simply clicking the Subscribe button.
• Immediately it will show the new items in the feed. You can view all the items by clicking the ‘All Items’ option.
• You can read the items and send the item by email to your friends from Google Reader.
• You don’t need to sign in to your mail account, or send as attachments no cut, copy, paste anything.

This will be a weekly column. So see you next week. All the best and bye! - Sivaraman.

How to Be a System Administrator

from wikiHow - The How to Manual That You Can Edit

Have you ever wanted to be a System Administrator of a network? A system administrator is a person who maintains and manages a computer or computer network, and plans installations of network-wide software.

Steps

1. Study. A system administrator must understand how the mainframe server operates and know how to maintain the computer system, install software and patches, resolve problems, maintain data files, monitor the system, and execute systems backup and recovery.
   
2. Learn several types of software. This includes understanding UNIX-based operating systems as well as Windows operating systems. System administrators should thoroughly know how servers work as well as the webservers used with them (Apache, IIS, etc.)
   
3. Be patient. Many less computer inclined co-workers may get very frustrated and immediately call for you. Be prepared for several co-workers having problems with their computers.
   
4. Apply for a job. A wise manager will be looking for a specialized applicant, so that their business can be successful. Usually the more trained a person is, the higher the salary they receive.
   

Tips

• College degrees are usually required. The best degrees for the job would be in computer science, software engineering, network security, operating systems, database analysis, and systems analysis.
  
• A System Administrator isn't the only server/computer occupation in business. There is also Web Administrator, Security Administrator, and Database administrator as needed by the company in question.
  

Related wikiHows

• How to Become an Internetworking Technician
  
• How to Become a Martial Arts Instructor
  
• How to Become a Sound Technician
  
• How to Get a Job Working With Consumer Electronics
  

Article provided by wikiHow, a collaborative writing project to build the world's largest, highest quality how-to manual. Please edit this article and find author credits at the original wikiHow article on How to Be a System Administrator. All content on wikiHow can be shared under a Creative Commons license.

How to Add Search Your Site on Web

from wikiHow - The How to Manual That You Can Edit

Search here means a method to use google as an external search tool for your own internal on line web site, without having to build your own. This Google Internal Site Search script seems to work on all browsers. However browser Javascript must be activated. And
of course your site must be on google.

Steps

1. The following address provides simple java script that you can put on your web page(s), that uses google, to provide search results for your personal web site: Google Internal Site Search script: This is a single google search
   
2. Copy the script. Create a blank page on your html editor. Paste in the copied javascript. Make the changes as required:
   
   • Enter your website URL to script code where it shows the following:
     
   • var domainroot="www.javascriptkit.com" change to:
     
   • var domainroot="www.YourOwnDomain.whatever"
     
   
   
3. Test using 'Preview'. After testing the code successfully you can place it in your web page(s) where you want it.
   
4. This script only works for Google. But they have scripts for multible engines. See here:
   

Related wikiHows

• How to Find RSS Feeds on the Web
  
• How to Use Skype Without a Microphone
  
• How to Use Skype as a Radio Channel for Your Friends
  
• How to Write Successfully for the Web
  

Article provided by wikiHow, a collaborative writing project to build the world's largest, highest quality how-to manual. Please edit this article and find author credits at the original wikiHow article on How to Add Search Your Site on Web. All content on wikiHow can be shared under a Creative Commons license.

How to Build a Professional Looking Website For Free

from wikiHow - The How to Manual That You Can Edit

This is how to build a web-site that you will love and won't have to pay for.

Steps

1. Prepare your website plan. Before setting up an account for a free site, decide what the focus of your site will be. Collect Information, pictures, and write some of the text ahead of time to familiarize yourself with your idea and get comfortable with the process. Decide if you will use artwork or photos on your site. Make sure your photos/artwork/music is royalty/copyright free.
   
2. Use Google or some other search engine and look for web sites offering free web sites and compare some of your choices. Remember that when using a free services, your website will be supported by advertising to allow you to get in for free.
   
   • Keep in mind if someday you might want to bump your freebie site up into a higher level and look for those sites that offer that feature.
     
   • Some sites also offer tools to help the technically challenged in creating their sites. Certain sites also offer levels to get you started off immediately and let you come back later to upgrade and update later as your tech skills grow.
     
   
   
3. Choose your web-site offering free service. Set your password and username and WRITE THEM DOWN. You would not believe how many people actually forget within an hour of setting their accounts up.
   
4. Use Google or another search engine to find images/sounds/graphics that relate to your site - don't forget to get permission give linkbacks crediting original artwork or material that you are allowed to use.(Linkbacks are small hyperlink graphics or text words with the original creative site's web address that your visitors can click on to see the original creator's site).
   
5. Find a free WYSIWYG editor. This stands for What You See Is What You Get and is an excellent way to be introduced to the world of building and creating websites.
   
6. Consider using website templates. Utilizing website templates allows you to quickly use a pre-made design which you can choose and replace the text with your own to produce a great looking website. Be sure to look for a simple design layout as more sophisticated templates may be difficult to edit until you’re more skilled. Template galleries can be found at CSS 4 Free and OSWD.
   

Tips

• Remember to read the site's rules relating to posting materials (especially copyrighted and mature themed).
  
• If you have an idea for your site (any idea even if it is idiotic) then jot it down because there is a HUGE chance it will help someone!
  
• If you are having a hard time figuring out things to put on your navigation bar, then you might look at the requested topics on wikiHow!
  
• Take your time with your site - make it yours and give it your personality.
  
• You can get a free version of a great piece of software called Nvu, (pronounced N-View). This is open source software, which basically means that it is freely available without cost to anyone. Nvu provides lots of advanced features, but is simple enough for most first-time users to get a site online. Even though it’s free, it can grow with you as you become more comfortable with the software features which can allow you to add more sophisticated elements to your website. Download your copy at www.nvu.com
  
• A good site to start with would be Open Source Web Design over at oswd.org They have a diverse collection of website templates that anyone can download free of charge.
  

Warnings

• You will have to let go of some of your brainstorm ideas! You can't do everything!
  
• Be careful when stating opinions that you avoid using full names or offensive materials - freebie sites can be pulled for offensive materials. Moderation is the key!
  

Things You'll Need

• Internet access
  
• paper and pencil or pen for navigation bar ideas!
  
• A chunk of free time when you first sit down to start, after that you can spend as much or as little editing, changing, improving and maintaining your site.
  

Related wikiHows

• How to Create a Website
  

Sources and Citations

• Tripod - Website Hosting
  
• Bravenet - Website Hosting
  
• CSS 4 Free - Website Templates
  
• OSWD - Website Templates
  

Article provided by wikiHow, a collaborative writing project to build the world's largest, highest quality how-to manual. Please edit this article and find author credits at the original wikiHow article on How to Build a Professional Looking Website For Free. All content on wikiHow can be shared under a Creative Commons license.